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Security & Access Control Modelling is the practice of defining structured rules and frameworks that determine who can access what data, under which conditions, and in what manner. It formalizes data protection through roles, permissions, entitlements, and policies aligned with organizational security requirements and regulatory obligations.

The primary goal of this modelling approach is to ensure that sensitive information is accessible only to authorized users while still enabling legitimate business access. It balances protection and productivity by translating business security rules into enforceable system controls.

At its core, Security & Access Control Modelling defines entities such as:

• Users (individual identities)
• Roles (grouped responsibilities or job functions)
• Permissions (allowed actions, such as read, write, approve)
• Policies (conditional rules governing access)

Typically, users are assigned to roles, roles carry permissions, and policies define constraints such as time of access, geographic location, or device type.